Framing & lumber calculators

Building the structure — count studs and joists at the right spacing, sheet a floor or wall in plywood, total a lumber order in board feet, and lay out stairs.

Framing by the numbers

Framing comes down to spacing: studs and joists are placed at 16 or 24 inches on-center, so the count is the length divided by the spacing plus one, with extras for corners, openings, and doubling. Sheet goods like plywood cover 32 sq ft each, and lumber is often sold and priced by the board foot. Because framing is structural, confirm member sizes and spans against your local code or an engineer.

Which calculator do I need?

Framing is structural — size it right

These calculators count the material, but the member size is the part that matters most: a joist or stud has to be deep enough for its span and load. Use a span table (or an engineer) to pick the size, then count the pieces here. Remember the extras a bare count misses — headers over openings, king and jack studs, double top plates, blocking, and the subfloor or sheathing on top. A 10% waste allowance covers crooked boards and miscuts.

Frequently asked questions

How do I count studs or joists?
Length ÷ spacing (16 or 24 in OC) + 1, plus extras for corners and openings. The calculators add plates and doubling.
What is a board foot?
Thickness (in) × width (in) × length (ft) ÷ 12. The board foot calculator totals an order and applies your price.
16 or 24 inches on-center?
16″ on-center is standard for load-bearing and exterior walls; 24″ uses less lumber and is fine for many non-load-bearing walls where code allows.
What size joist do I need for a span?
Roughly, at 16″ OC: a 2×8 spans ~12 ft, 2×10 ~16 ft, and 2×12 ~18 ft for ordinary floors — but always confirm with a span table for your species and load.
How long are precut wall studs?
92⅝″ for a standard 8-foot wall (leaving room for the plates), and 104⅝″ for a 9-foot wall.

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