How much concrete do I need for a slab?

A 10 × 10 ft slab at 4 inches thick needs about 1.2 cubic yards of concrete — or roughly 1.3–1.4 cubic yards once you add a waste allowance. Here's the formula so you can size any slab with confidence.

The formula

Concrete is ordered by volume in cubic yards:

Cubic yards = length × width × thickness ÷ 27 (all in feet)

Thickness is usually in inches, so divide it by 12 first to convert to feet. There are 27 cubic feet in a cubic yard, which is why we divide by 27 at the end.

A worked example

For a 10 × 10 ft slab, 4 inches thick:

  • Convert thickness: 4 ÷ 12 = 0.33 ft
  • Volume: 10 × 10 × 0.33 = 33.3 cubic feet
  • Cubic yards: 33.3 ÷ 27 = 1.23 cubic yards
  • Add 10% waste: about 1.36 cubic yards

Size any slab instantly

Our concrete calculator gives you cubic yards, cubic feet, the number of bags, and an estimated cost — just enter your dimensions.

Open the Concrete Calculator

How thick should the slab be?

ProjectTypical thickness
Walkways and patios4 in
Driveways (passenger cars)4–5 in
Driveways (heavy vehicles)6 in
Shed and garage floors4–6 in

Don't forget the base and reinforcement

The concrete is only part of the order. A lasting slab also needs:

  • A compacted gravel sub-base, usually about 4 inches, for a stable, well-draining foundation. Size it with our gravel calculator.
  • Reinforcement — rebar or welded wire mesh on load-bearing slabs to control cracking. Plan it with the rebar calculator.
  • Excavation for the slab and base depth; our excavation calculator estimates the dirt to remove.
Concrete slab — cross-section 2×4 form 4-in slab Wire mesh Vapor barrier 4-in gravel
Slab cross-section: 2×4 forms, a 4-inch slab with wire mesh mid-depth, a vapor barrier, and about 4 inches of compacted gravel underneath.

Bags or ready-mix?

For small jobs, bagged mix is convenient — but it adds up fast, taking roughly 45 80-lb bags to make a single cubic yard. Once you're approaching a cubic yard or more, ready-mix delivery is usually cheaper and far less labor than mixing by hand.

What will the concrete cost?

Ready-mix runs about $125–$200 per cubic yard delivered, so the concrete for our 10 × 10 ft example is roughly $170–$270 — plus a possible "short-load" fee if you order less than about a yard. Bagged mix costs more per yard in materials and far more in labor. If you hire a pro to form, pour, and finish the slab, a turnkey job typically runs $5–$10+ per square foot.

Always order a little extra

Add 5–10% to your total for spillage, an uneven subgrade, and slight over-excavation. You can't pause a pour to run to the store, so it's much safer to finish with a little left over than to come up short.

Frequently asked questions

How many 80-lb bags in a cubic yard?
About 45 80-lb bags (each yields ~0.6 cu ft). It's about 60 60-lb bags or 90 40-lb bags for the same yard.
How much does a concrete slab cost?
Ready-mix is ~$125–$200 / cu yd, so a 10×10×4″ slab is ~$170–$270 in concrete. A finished slab by a pro is ~$5–$10+ / sq ft.
How thick should a slab be?
4 in for patios, walkways, and shed floors; 5–6 in for driveways and heavy loads.
Do I need rebar?
Yes for load-bearing slabs (driveways, garages) — rebar or wire mesh controls cracking. Small pads can use fiber-mesh concrete.
How much gravel goes under a slab?
About 4 in of compacted sub-base is typical; soft or poor-draining soil may need more.
Can I pour a slab myself?
Small slabs, yes — with good base and form prep. For a cubic yard or more, order ready-mix and line up helpers, since you can't pause a pour once the truck arrives.

Related guides

Written by Ralph, founder of Homestimate. Ralph started the site after one too many mid-project trips back to the hardware store, and builds every calculator and guide here — showing the math so you can check it. About Homestimate · How we estimate